• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a thermally insulating barrier comprising: a plurality of heat-insulating elements arranged along the walls of the tank, arranged to allow a flow of fluid, such as a gas within said thermally insulating barrier; and - an angle arrangement disposed at the intersection between a first and a second wall (3, 4) of the vessel, the angle arrangement comprising: - a deflection element (19) having a first face ( 20a) opposed to the supporting structure of the second wall (4), a second face (20b) opposite to the supporting structure of the first wall (3) and a plurality of bent channels (21) extending between the first face ( 20a) and the second face (20b) of the deflection member (19) to permit the flow of fluid, such as gas, through the angle arrangement, the plurality of bent channels (21). having at least one series of bent channels spaced from each other in the thickness direction of the walls (3, 4) of the vessel.
    公开号:FR3018338A1
    申请号:FR1451771
    申请日:2014-03-04
    公开日:2015-09-11
    发明作者:Sebastien Delanoe；Bruno Deletre；Yannick Dubois
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks, with membranes, for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
    [0002] Watertight and thermally insulated membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure. BACKGROUND ART In the state of the art, sealed and thermally insulating tanks are known for the storage of liquefied natural gas comprising a plurality of walls, each tank wall having a multilayer structure presenting successively, in the direction of thickness, from the outside to the inside, a support structure formed by the double hull of a ship and defining the general shape of the vessel, a secondary heat-insulating barrier retained to the supporting structure, a secondary waterproofing membrane resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank. The thermally insulating barriers comprise insulating elements resting on the supporting structure or on the secondary sealing membrane and a gaseous phase. It is known to maintain the gas phase of one and / or the other of the thermally insulating barriers under an absolute pressure lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure, that is to say to a negative relative pressure, in order to increase the insulating power of said thermally insulating barriers. Such a method is, for example, described in the French patent application FR 2535831.
    [0003] However, it is difficult to place the gaseous phase of a thermally insulating barrier at very low pressures, of the order of 100 Pa absolute, in a relatively short time, because of the significant losses of charges generated inside. a thermally insulating barrier and in particular significant local losses in the corner areas of the tank. This problem is, in addition, particularly difficult to solve insofar as an increase in the section of the flow spaces of the gaseous phase to reduce the pressure losses leads to locally creating convection zones which are detrimental to the efficiency thermal insulation and are likely to jeopardize the integrity of the ship by creating cold zones locally at the level of the supporting structure. Summary An idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank having a thermally insulating barrier in which the pressure losses are limited and do not have insulation defects. According to one embodiment, the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said tank comprising a plurality of walls, each wall presenting successively, in a thickness direction of the vessel wall, since exterior to the interior of the vessel, an external supporting structure, a thermally insulating barrier retained to the supporting structure and a sealing membrane supported by said thermally insulating barrier, said thermally insulating barrier comprising: a plurality of heat-insulating elements arranged along the walls of the tank, arranged to allow a flow of fluid, such as gas, within said thermally insulating barrier; and an angle arrangement disposed at the intersection between a first and a second wall of the vessel, the angle arrangement comprising: a deflection element having a first face opposite to the supporting structure of the second wall, a second face opposite to the supporting structure of the first wall and a plurality of bent channels extending between the first face and the second face of the deflection member to allow the flow of fluid, such as gas, through of the angle arrangement, the plurality of bent channels having at least one series of bent channels spaced from each other in the thickness direction of the first and second walls of the vessel. Thus, thanks to the presence of the deflection element at the intersection between two walls of the tank, the flow of gas at the corners of the tank is favored. Moreover, by distributing the bent channels in the thickness direction of the walls of the tank, the bent channels substantially follow the isothermal lines within the thermally insulating barrier so that the natural and forced convection is limited within the chamber. deflection element. Therefore, such a deflection element can promote the flow of gas within the thermally insulating barrier without locally creating insulation defects. According to embodiments, such a vessel may comprise one or more of the following characteristics: the deflection element comprises a plurality of series of bent channels spaced apart from each other in the thickness direction of the first and second walls of the vessel; said series being spaced from each other in a direction parallel to a line of intersection between the first and second walls of the vessel. the series of bent channels spaced apart from each other in the wall thickness direction of the vessel comprises at least four bent channels, preferably at least ten bent channels, and preferably at least twenty bent channels. the bent channels have a section smaller than 5 cm 2, preferably of the order of 0.25 to 1 cm 2, the section of the bent channels has a larger dimension in a direction parallel to the angle of the bowl than in a direction of thickness of a wall of the tank. the bent channels each comprise a first portion extending parallel to the first wall and a second portion extending parallel to the second wall, communicating with the first portion. the bent channels have an arcuate shape, the bent channels having from the inside towards the outside of the tank, increasing radii of curvature. the deflection element further comprises a third face, parallel and opposite to the first face, and a fourth face, parallel and opposite to the second face, the deflection element comprising, between the curved arcuate channel presenting the most large radius of curvature and the third and fourth faces, a housing lined with a heat insulating pad. the deflection member comprises a stack of plates which are stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to the first or second face, the plates each having a plurality of cells which define a portion of the bent channels. The plates can in particular be obtained by injection of polymer material. the deflection element comprises a stack of plates which are stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to a face of the deflection element having an edge common to the first and second faces, at least a part of the plates stacked being equipped, on at least one of their faces, bent grooves shaped to form the bent channels. - The stack of plates comprises, in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of planar carrier plates interposed between two plates provided with bent grooves. the deflection element has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. the rectangular parallelepipedal deflection element is associated with at least one junction element having a plurality of rectilinear channels parallel to one of the first and second walls and opening towards the cranked channels of the element deflection. the joining element has openings through said connecting element in a direction parallel to the edge formed at the intersection between the first and second walls of the vessel. the deflection element has a bent shape. the bent deflection element has two straight portions each having a beveled edge and connected to each other via their beveled edge. the corner arrangement has heat-insulating corner elements and wherein the deflection member is associated with the heat-insulating corner elements. the deflection element is made of a polymeric material selected from expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyurethane foam, polyethylene, polyethylene foam, polypropylene, polypropylene foam, polyamide, polycarbonate or polyether imide. The deflection element may also be made of other thermoplastic materials, optionally reinforced with fibers. Such a material must be capable of being injected when the deflection element is formed of a stack of injected plates. each tank wall has successively, in a thickness direction of the tank, from the outside to the inside of the tank, an external supporting structure, a Sedondaire thermosolvented barrier, retained at the carrying structure, a membrane of secondary sealing supported by said secondary heat-insulating barrier, a primary heat-insulating barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank, each of the primary thermal-insulating barriers and secondary having a said angle arrangement having a deflection member.
    [0004] Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
    [0005] According to one embodiment, a vessel for transporting a fluid comprises a double hull and a said tank disposed in the double hull.
    [0006] According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
    [0007] According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of promoting the flow of gas between the different walls of a tank. Certain aspects of the invention start from the idea of promoting the circulation of gas between the walls of a tank in order to facilitate the placement of a thermally insulating barrier under negative relative pressures, particularly low, of the order of 10. at 1000 Pa. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of facilitating the flow of inert gas within a thermally insulating barrier. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of facilitating the pumping of a fluid present within a thermally insulating barrier in the event of a leakage of the carrier structure or of a sealing membrane. Indeed, the pumping of a fluid present in the thermally insulating barrier may in particular be necessary to drain the water, returned to the thermally insulating barrier, in case of damage to the double hull of the ship. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of facilitating the leak test phases of a sealing membrane during which gas is circulated (a nitrogen-ammonia mixture, tracer gases such as helium , Nidron or others) in the thermally insulating barrier to detect leaks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages thereof will become more clearly apparent from the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for the purposes of the invention. illustrative and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings. - Figures 1 and 2 are partial views, partially exploded, in perspective of an angle structure equipped with deflection elements, according to a first embodiment, for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid . - Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a deflection element, according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a deflection element comprising a stack of plates. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a deflection element of a primary thermally insulating barrier angle arrangement. - Figure 6 is a perspective view of a deflection member. FIG. 7 is a sectional view illustrating a deflection member associated with joining elements at a secondary thermally insulating barrier angle arrangement. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an angle structure, according to a second embodiment, with the removal of deflection ele- ments. FIGS. 9 and 10 are detailed views of FIG. 8. FIG. 11 is a view of the angle structure of FIG. 7, in section in a transverse plane passing through a deflection element of the thermally insulating barrier. primary. - Figure 12 is a view of the corner structure of Figure 7, in section in a transverse plane passing through a deflection element of the secondary thermally insulating barrier. - Figure 13 is a schematic cutaway representation of a tank of LNG tanker and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an angle structure of a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid. Such an angle structure is particularly suitable for a membrane vessel as described, for example, in the document FR2683786.
    [0008] The general structure of such a tank is well known and has a polyhedral shape. The wall of the tank comprises, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a supporting structure 1, a secondary heat-insulating barrier comprising heat insulating elements formed of insulating boxes juxtaposed on the support structure and anchored thereto by means of secondary holding members, a secondary sealing membrane carried by the insulating boxes of the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier comprising heat insulating elements formed of insulating boxes juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary sealing membrane by means of primary retention and a primary waterproofing membrane carried by the insulating boxes and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank. The supporting structure 1 may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties. The supporting structure may in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship. The carrying structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank. The primary and secondary sealing membranes are, for example, constituted by a continuous sheet of metal strakes with raised edges, said strakes being welded by their raised edges to parallel welding supports held on the insulating boxes. The metal strakes are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1.2.10-6 and 2.10-6 K-1, or in a high manganese iron alloy whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.10-6 K-1. The insulating boxes have a general shape of rectangular parallelepiped. The insulating boxes have a bottom panel and a cover panel parallel, spaced in the direction of thickness of the insulating box. Bearing elements extend in the direction of thickness of the insulating block and are fixed, on the one hand, to the bottom panel and, on the other hand, to the cover panel and allow to resume the compression forces. The bottom and lid panels, the peripheral partitions and the support elements are for example made of wood or composite thermoplastic material.
    [0009] The insulating boxes have peripheral partitions. At least two opposite peripheral partitions are provided with holes allowing the flow of gas, through the insulating boxes, to circulate an inert gas and / or to place the gas phase contained in the thermally insulating barriers in depression, it is that is to say under a negative relative pressure. A heat insulating lining is housed inside the insulating boxes. The heat-insulating lining is, for example, made of glass wool, cotton wool or a polymeric foam, such as polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam or polyvinyl chloride foam or a material granular or powdery - such as perlite, vermiculite or glass wool - or a nanoporous airgel material. FIG. 1 shows a connection ring 2 for anchoring the primary and secondary sealing membranes to the supporting structure 1 at the angles between the transverse and longitudinal walls of the tank.
    [0010] The connecting ring 2 extends here along an intersection between a first wall 3 and a second wall 4. The connecting ring 2 is formed of an assembly of several welded sheets. The sheets of the connecting ring 2 are, for example, made of invar O. The connecting ring 2 is fixed, by means of connecting plates 9, 10, 11, 12, with two wings 5, 6 perpendicular to the supporting structure 1 of the first wall 3 and to two wings 7, 8 perpendicular to the supporting structure 1 of the second wall 4. The connecting ring 2 comprises primary anchoring surfaces 13, 14 intended to receive metal strakes of the primary waterproofing membrane and the secondary anchoring surfaces 15, 16 for receiving metal strakes of the secondary waterproofing membrane. The structure of such a connecting ring 2 is described in particular in the patent application FR2549575 or in the French patent application FR2724623. The connecting ring 2 and the connecting plates 9, 10, 11, 12 of the connecting ring 2 to the supporting structure 1 here define four parallelepiped-shaped spaces in which heat-insulating corner elements 17 are accommodated. ensure the continuity of the insulation of the primary and secondary thermally insulating barriers at the connecting ring 2. Only the heat-insulating corner elements 17 of the primary thermally insulating barrier are visible in Figures 1 and 2.
    [0011] The heat-insulating corner elements 17 may be formed of blocks of insulating polymer foam or be formed of insulating boxes as described above. It will be noted that the sheets of the connecting ring 2 have, at the level of the primary thermally insulating barrier, openings 18 allowing the flow of gas between the primary thermally insulating barrier of the first wall 3 and the primary thermally insulating barrier of the second wall 4. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the openings 18 having a generally rectangular shape whose angles have circular profiles of leave .. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the openings 18 are of circular geometry in order to limit the stress concentrations and not to penalize the fatigue strength of the connecting ring 2. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises, at the level of the arrangement of angle, deflection elements 19. The deflection elements 19 are housed inside the connecting ring 2 and disposes The deflection elements 19 are associated with the heat-insulating corner elements 17. The deflection elements 19 can be accommodated in a housing of complementary size provided in the recess 19. the heat-insulating corner elements 17 or be arranged in the interstices extending between two adjacent heat-insulating corner elements 17. The deflection elements 19 aim to direct the gas flow through the connecting ring 2, between the primary thermal insulation barriers of the first and second walls 3, 4 of the tank.
    [0012] The structure of such a deflection element 19 is particularly illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. The deflection element 19 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The deflection element 19 has a first face 20a opposite to the supporting structure 1 of the second wall 4 and a second face 20b opposite to the supporting structure 1 of the first wall 3. In other words, the first face 20a is disposed opposite the primary thermally insulating barrier of the first wall 3 and the second face 20b is disposed vis-à-vis the primary thermally insulating barrier of the second wall 4. The deflection member 19 comprises a plurality of bent channels 21 extending between the first and second faces 20a, 20b and thereby allowing the flow of gas between the primary thermally insulating barriers of the first and second walls 3, 4. The deflection member 19 comprises, in a cutting plane orthogonal to the intersection between the first and second walls 3, 4, a series of bent channels 21 regularly spaced in the thickness direction of the walls 3, 4 of the vessel. The bent channels 21 are thus substantially parallel to the isothermal lines inside the thermally insulating barrier. The bent channels 21 thus make it possible to stratify the gas flow through the deflection element 19 which makes it possible to limit the convection. In order to effect a satisfactory thermal stratification of the gas flow, each series of bent channels 21 comprises at least four bent channels, advantageously at least ten bent channels, and preferably at least twenty bent channels. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the deflection element 19 comprises an array of bent channels comprising a plurality of series of bent channels 21, the series being spaced from each other in a direction parallel to the edge formed at the intersection between the first and the second walls 3, 4. In the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6, the bent channels 21 have an arcuate shape whose radius of curvature is increasing from the inside to the outside of the tank. The arcuate channels 21 of the same series have a common center of curvature which is situated on a bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and second walls 3, 4. The center of curvature of the channels 21 of arcuate shape may in particular have a radius of curvature whose center corresponds to the edge between the first and the second faces 20a, 20b of the deflection element 19.
    [0013] In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the deflection element 19 comprises between the arcuate channels 20 having the largest radius of curvature and a third face 20c of the deflection element 19, opposite to the first face 20a, and a fourth face 20d, opposite to the second face 20b, a housing 22 lined with a heat-insulating lining. The heat-insulating lining occupying this housing 22 is, for example, glass wool, an airgel or a polymer foam, such as a polyurethane or chlorinated polyvinyl foam. The bent channels 21 have a small section, typically less than 5 cm 2, generally of the order of 0.25 to 1 cm 2.
    [0014] The section of the cranked channels can have many forms: circular, square, rectangular, ovoid or others. Advantageously, the section of the bent channels has a larger dimension in the direction parallel to the angle of the tank than in the direction of thickness of a wall of the tank. Thus, the largest dimension of the section is oriented in the direction of the isotherms while the smallest dimension is oriented according to the thermal gradient. In an alternative embodiment, illustrated schematically in FIG. 3, the bent channels 21 may comprise a first portion 21a parallel to the first wall 3 and a second portion 21b parallel to the second wall 4 and communicating with the first portion. 21a. According to an alternative embodiment, not shown, the deflection element 19 is formed of a stack of plates which are stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to the first face 20a or the second face 20b. The plates each comprise a plurality of cells which, when the plates are stacked, form the bent channels 21 described above. The cells may be formed during the injection operation of the plates or by a subsequent machining operation. Such plates may in particular be made of polymeric materials having good mechanical characteristics and good thermal insulation characteristics, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polyether-imide (PEI), for example, optionally reinforced with fibers, such as glass fibers. According to another variant embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 4, the deflection element 19 may comprise a stack 23 of plates stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to the fifth and sixth faces 20e, 20f of the deflection element. 19, each having a common edge with the first and second faces 20a, 20b of the deflection member 19. At least a portion of the stacked plates have on at least one of their face bent grooves which when the plates are stacked form the bent channels 21 described above. According to a variant, flat carrier plates formed of a material having superior mechanical strength to the plates having the bent grooves are each interposed between two plates having the bent grooves. Such an embodiment is advantageous in that it makes it possible to use materials, which are particularly suitable for producing bent grooves, while obtaining a deflection element 19 having good mechanical holding characteristics thanks to the insertion of the plates. flat carriers. The plates having the bent grooves are made of a polymer material chosen from polymers such as expanded polystyrene and thermoplastic materials such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polyether-imide (PEI), optionally reinforced with fibers. , such as glass fibers. The bent grooves may in particular be made during the injection molding of the plates, or by subsequent stamping or machining operations. When the deflection element comprises a stack 23 of plates, said plates are fixed to each other by any appropriate means, by gluing, thermoplastic welding, clipping or mechanical connection reported, for example.
    [0015] Furthermore, note that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, panels of insulating material 24, 25 may be attached to the third face 20c of the deflection element 19, opposite to the first face 20a, and against the fourth face 20d, opposite the second face 20b. The insulating material panels 24, 25 may in particular be vacuum insulating panels, commonly designated by the acronym VIP for "vacuum insulating panels" in English. Such vacuum insulating panels generally comprise a nanoporous core sealingly encapsulated and placed in depression. Note also that the invention is not limited to deflection elements 19 formed of a stack of plates and that it is also possible to make such deflection elements 19 equipped with a plurality of bent channels 21 by any another suitable method and in particular by three-dimensional printing methods. In particular, in an alternative embodiment, the deflection element 19 is formed of an insulating polymer foam in which the bent channels 21 have been machined in the mass. The insulating polymer foam may especially be chosen from thermoplastic foams such as polyethylene foams, polypropylene foams or thermosetting foams such as polyurethane. Thus, the deflection element 19 is formed of a material having good thermal insulation characteristics. Figure 7 more particularly illustrates the gas flow within the corner arrangement of the secondary thermal insulation barrier. The connecting plates 9, 10, 11, 12 of the connecting ring 2 to the supporting structure 1 define three spaces of the secondary thermally insulating barrier in which heat-insulating corner elements 28, 29, 30 are arranged. embodiment shown in Figure 7, the heat-insulating corner elements are insulating boxes having a peripheral wall provided with holes 31 for the flow of gas through the insulating boxes. The space adjacent to the angle of the tank is equipped with a deflection element 19, similar to the deflection element described above. The other two spaces are, in turn, equipped with connecting elements 32, 33 which have a plurality of gas flow channels 34 opening towards bent channels 21 of the deflection element 19. The connecting elements 32, 33 are integrated in a housing of complementary size formed in the heat-insulating corner elements 28, 29. In the space bordering the secondary thermally insulating barrier of the first wall 3, the flow channels 34 of the connecting element 33 extend substantially parallel to the first wall 3 while, in the space bordering the secondary thermally insulating barrier of the second wall 4, the flow channels 34 of the connecting element 32 extend substantially parallel to the second wall. In addition, in the embodiment shown, the connecting elements 32, 33 are provided with openings 35 passing through said connecting elements 32, 33 in a direction parallel to the edge formed at the intersection between the first and the second walls 3, 4 to allow a flow of gas along the angle of the tank. FIGS. 8 to 12 illustrate an angle structure which is particularly suitable for membrane vessels of a second type, as described for example in document FR 2691520. In such a vessel, the secondary thermally insulating barrier comprises a plurality heat-insulated panels anchored to the supporting structure 1 by means of resin beads and welded studs on the supporting structure 1. Interstices disposed between the heat-insulating panels are filled with glass wool and provide gas flow passages through the secondary thermally insulating barrier. Similarly, the spacings between the resin beads, between the carrier structure and the heat insulating panel, provide gas flow spaces. The heat-insulating panels are, for example, constituted by a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between two plywood boards adhered to said layer of foam. The insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based foam.
    [0016] The heat-insulating panels of the secondary membrane are covered with a secondary sealing membrane formed of a composite material comprising an aluminum foil sandwiched between two sheets of fiberglass fabric. The primary thermally insulating barrier comprises heat insulating panels having a structure identical to that of the heat insulating panels of the secondary thermally insulating barrier. In order to allow the flow of gas within the primary barrier, interstices are arranged between the insulating panels. The primary waterproofing membrane is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates, welded to each other along their edges, and having corrugations extending in two perpendicular directions. The metal plates are, for example, made of stainless steel sheet or aluminum, shaped by folding or stamping. The corner structure, illustrated in Figure 8, comprises two heat-insulating panels 36, 37 having an outer face fixed against the supporting structure. The heat-insulating panels 36, 37 are connected to each other, for example by gluing, via their beveled lateral edge. The heat-insulating panels 36, 37 thus form a corner of the secondary thermal insulation barrier. A flexible waterproof membrane 38 rests on the heat-insulating panels 36, 37 and makes it possible to guarantee the continuity of the sealing of the secondary waterproofing membrane at the angle of the tank. Furthermore, the corner structure comprises a plurality of insulating blocks 39, 40 of the primary thermal insulation barrier fixed on the flexible waterproof membrane 38. Angle connectors 41 of insulating material, such as a polymer foam, are disposed between the edges adjacent to the tank angle of two insulating blocks 39, 40 and thus ensures a continuity of the thermal insulation at the angle of the tank. Likewise, insulating joint elements 42 are inserted between the insulating blocks 39, 40. In addition, metal angles 43 of primary sealing barrier rest on the insulating blocks 39, 40. The metal angles 43 have two wings which are each parallel to one of the walls of the tank. The wings having studs 44 welded on their inner face. The studs 44 make it possible to anchor a welding equipment during the welding of the primary waterproofing membrane elements on the metal angles 43. The primary thermally insulating barrier comprises at the angle structure, deflection elements 45 ensuring gas flow through the corner arrangement of the primary thermal insulation barrier. The deflection elements 45 are each inserted between two pairs of insulating blocks 39, 40. An elbow-shaped element which has an array of angled channels 47 which extend between a first face 20a of the deflection element 45 disposed at its end. opposed to the second wall 4 and a second face 20b of the deflection element 45 disposed at its end opposite the first wall 1. The first face 20a and the second face 20b of the deflection element 45 are each arranged in a screw a gas flow gap formed between two heat-insulating panels of the primary thermally insulating barrier.
    [0017] The bent channels 47 have a first portion 47a extending parallel to the first wall 3 and a second portion 47b extending parallel to the second wall 4. In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the two portions 47a, 47b communicate with each other via an arcuate portion.
    [0018] As in the previous embodiments, the deflection element 47 comprises in a cutting plane orthogonal to the intersection between the first and second walls 3, 4, a series of bent channels 47 regularly spaced in the thickness direction. walls 3, 4 of the tank so that the bent channels 47 substantially follow the isotherms of the tank at its angle. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, bent-shaped insulating elements 48 are disposed on either side of the deflection element 47 while a third bent-shaped insulating element 49 rests on the face facing the l-shaped element. In the interior of the tank of the deflection element 47. Finally, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 12, the secondary thermally insulating barrier also comprises, at the level of the angle structure, deflection elements 46 ensuring the flow of gas through the angle arrangement of the secondary thermal insulation barrier. The deflection elements 46 are inserted in housings formed in the heat-insulating panels 36, 37. As in the previous embodiment, the first face 20a and the second face 20b of the deflection elements 46 will advantageously be arranged facing each other. gas flow interstices formed between the heat insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier. The deflection member 46, shown in detail in Figure 12, is formed in two straight portions 46a, 46b. Each of the rectilinear portions 46a, 46b comprises channels 50 parallel to one of the walls 3, 4 of the tank. The rectilinear portions 46a, 46b each have a beveled edge and are placed end-to-end via their beveled edge. The channels 50 of one of the rectilinear portions 46a, 46b open towards the channels 50 of the other straight portion 46a, 46b so as to form bent channels. The deflection element 46, in a version not shown, can be adapted to different angles of 90 °. Referring to Figure 13, a broken view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
    [0019] In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    [0020] FIG. 13 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers . A connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77. liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting lines 81 connected by the underwater line 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations. In order to generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
    [0021] Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention. The use of the verb "to include", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those set out in a claim. The use of the indefinite article "a" or "an" for an element or a step does not exclude, unless otherwise stated, the presence of a plurality of such elements or steps.
    [0022] In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses can not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said tank having a plurality of walls (3, 4), each wall having successively, in a thickness direction of the wall of the tank, from the outside towards the inside the vessel, an external supporting structure (1), a thermally insulating barrier retained to the supporting structure and a sealing membrane supported by said thermally insulating barrier, said thermally insulating barrier comprising: - a plurality of heat insulating elements arranged on the along the walls of the tank, arranged to allow a flow of fluid within said thermally insulating barrier; and - an angle arrangement disposed at the intersection between a first and a second wall (3, 4) of the vessel, the angle arrangement comprising: a deflection element (19, 45, 46) having a first face (20a) opposite to the supporting structure of the second wall (4), a second face (20b) opposite to the supporting structure of the first wall (3) and a plurality of bent channels (21, 47, 50) extending between the first face (20a) and the second face (20b) of the deflection member (19, 45, 46) to allow fluid flow through the angle arrangement, the plurality of channels bends (21, 47, 50) having at least one series of bent channels spaced from each other in the thickness direction of the first and second walls (3, 4) of the vessel.
    [0002]
    Tank according to claim 1, wherein the deflection element comprises a plurality of series of bent channels (21, 47, 50) spaced apart from each other in the thickness direction of the first and second walls (3, 4). ) of the vessel, said series being spaced from each other in a direction parallel to a line of intersection between the first and second walls (3, 4) of the vessel.
    [0003]
    3. The vessel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the series of bent channels (21, 47, 50) spaced from each other in the wall thickness direction of the vessel comprises at least four bent channels.
    [0004]
    4. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bent channels (21, 47, 50) have a section less than 5 cm2.
    [0005]
    5. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the section of the bent channels (21, 47, 50) has a larger dimension in a direction parallel to the angle of the tank than in a direction of thickness of a wall (3, 4) of the tank.
    [0006]
    6. A vessel according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the bent channels (21, 47, 50) each comprise a first portion (21a, 47a) extending parallel to the first wall (3) and a second portion (21b, 47b), extending parallel to the second wall (4), communicating with the first portion (21a, 47a).
    [0007]
    7. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bent channels (21) have an arcuate shape, the bent channels (21) having from the inside to the outside of the tank, radii of curvature croissants.
    [0008]
    8. The vessel of claim 7, wherein the deflection member (19) further comprises a third face (20c), parallel and opposite to the first face (20a), and a fourth face (20d), parallel and opposite at the second face (20b), and wherein the deflection element (19) has between the curved arcuate channel (21) having the greatest radius of curvature and the third and fourth faces (20c, 20d), a housing (22) lined with a heat-insulating lining.
    [0009]
    9. A vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the deflection member (19) comprises a stack of plates which are stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to the first face (20a) or to the second face (20b), the plates each having a plurality of cells which define a portion of the bent channels (21).
    [0010]
    Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the deflection element (19) comprises a stack (23) of plates which are stacked against each other in a direction perpendicular to a face (20e, 20f) of the deflection member (19) having an edge common to the first face (20a) and the second face (20b), and wherein at least a portion of the stacked plates are provided on at least one of their faces, bent grooves shaped to form the bent channels (21).
    [0011]
    11. Tank according to claim 10, wherein the stack (23) of plates comprises a plurality of flat carrier plates interposed between two plates provided with bent grooves.
    [0012]
    12. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the deflection element (19) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
    [0013]
    Tank according to Claim 12, in which the rectangular parallelepiped-shaped deflection element (19) is associated with at least one connecting element (32, 33) comprising a plurality of rectilinear channels (34) parallel to the one of the first and second walls (3, 4) and opening towards the bent channels (21) of the deflection element (19).
    [0014]
    The vessel according to claim 13, wherein the joining element (32, 33) has openings (35) passing through said joining element (32, 33) in a direction parallel to the edge formed at the intersection between the first and second walls (3, 4) of the tank.
    [0015]
    15. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the deflection element (45, 46) has a bent shape.
    [0016]
    The vessel of claim 15, wherein the bent deflection member (46) has two straight portions (46a, 46b) each having a beveled edge and connected to each other via their beveled edge.
    [0017]
    A vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the corner arrangement comprises heat-insulating corner elements (17, 28, 29, 30, 36, 37, 39, 40) and wherein deflection member (19, 45, 46) is associated with the heat-insulating corner elements (17, 28, 29, 30, 36, 37, 39, 40).
    [0018]
    18. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the deflection element (19, 45, 46) is made of a polymeric material selected from expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyurethane foam, polyethylene , polyethylene foam, polypropylene, polypropylene foam, polyamide, polycarbonate or polyether-imide.
    [0019]
    19. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein each tank wall (3, 4) has successively, in a thickness direction of the tank, from the outside to the inside of the tank, an external supporting structure (1), a secondary heat-insulating barrier, retained at the supporting structure (1), a secondary sealing membrane supported by said secondary heat-insulating barrier, a primary heat-insulating barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank, each of the primary and secondary thermally insulating barriers comprising a said corner arrangement comprising a deflection element (19, 45, 46).
    [0020]
    20. Ship (70) for the transport of a fluid, the vessel having a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to any one of claims 1 to 19 disposed in the double hull.
    [0021]
    A method of loading or unloading a vessel (70) according to claim 20, wherein a fluid is conveyed through isolated ducts (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or land storage facility ( 77) to or from the vessel vessel (71).
    [0022]
    22. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a ship (70) according to claim 20, insulated ducts (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to-connect the-tank- (71) installed in the hull of the vessel at a floating or land storage facility (77) and a pump for drawing fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP6496748B2|2019-04-03|
    CN106164564A|2016-11-23|
    KR102285763B1|2021-08-04|
    AU2015226021A1|2016-09-08|
    AU2015226021B2|2019-03-28|
    CN106164564B|2018-03-27|
    FR3018338B1|2016-03-25|
    EP3114387A1|2017-01-11|
    KR20160146667A|2016-12-21|
    JP2017512284A|2017-05-18|
    WO2015132498A1|2015-09-11|
    EP3114387B1|2017-11-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3381843A|1966-05-06|1968-05-07|Exxon Research Engineering Co|Insulation system|
    US4116150A|1976-03-09|1978-09-26|Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation|Cryogenic insulation system|CN111164343A|2017-09-04|2020-05-15|气体运输技术公司|Sealed and insulated container with convection resistant fill panels|
    CN112789442A|2018-08-06|2021-05-11|气体运输技术公司|Corner structure for sealing heat insulation container|US4170952A|1976-03-09|1979-10-16|Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation|Cryogenic insulation system|
    FR2462336B1|1979-07-27|1984-04-20|Gaz Transport|
    FR2813111B1|2000-08-18|2002-11-29|Gaz Transport & Technigaz|WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK IMPROVED LONGITUDINAL AREAS|
    FR2867831B1|2004-03-17|2006-05-19|Gaz Transport & Technigaz|WOOD-SUPPORTING BODY SUITABLE FOR THE SUPPORT AND THERMAL INSULATION OF A SEALED TANK MEMBRANE|
    KR100902405B1|2007-08-23|2009-06-11|한명섭|Apparatus of Pressing corner part of 2nd Barrier of LNG cargocontainment|
    FR2961580B1|2010-06-17|2012-07-13|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|WATERPROOF AND INSULATED TANK WITH SUPPORT FOOT|
    FR2973098B1|2011-03-22|2014-05-02|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK|
    CN103133863B|2013-01-16|2016-03-02|中国五环工程有限公司|Liquefied gas at low temp holds jar structure entirely|
    KR101584574B1|2014-06-03|2016-01-12|대우조선해양 주식회사|Corner panel for using cryogenic fluid storage tank and cryogenic fluid insulation system with the same|WO2019043348A1|2017-09-04|2019-03-07|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating vessel having an anti-convective filler plate|
    FR3082593B1|2018-06-13|2020-06-19|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|WATERPROOF TANK PROVIDED WITH A CORRUGATED JUNCTION ELEMENT|
    FR3086031B1|2018-09-18|2020-09-11|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|LIQUEFIED GAS STORAGE INSTALLATION|
    FR3099538A1|2019-07-31|2021-02-05|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating tank for floating structure|
    FR3102138A1|2019-10-17|2021-04-23|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Connection beam for a sealed and thermally insulating liquefied gas storage tank|
    法律状态:
    2015-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-03-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-11-29| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20191106 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1451771A|FR3018338B1|2014-03-04|2014-03-04|SEALED AND INSULATING TANK WITH A DEFLECTION ELEMENT FOR GAS FLOW AT AN ANGLE|FR1451771A| FR3018338B1|2014-03-04|2014-03-04|SEALED AND INSULATING TANK WITH A DEFLECTION ELEMENT FOR GAS FLOW AT AN ANGLE|
    KR1020167024955A| KR102285763B1|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner|
    CN201580011034.3A| CN106164564B|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|A kind of sealing comprising the deflecting element for allowing corner gas to flow and insulating vessel|
    JP2016553803A| JP6496748B2|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|Sealed insulated container with deflecting elements allowing gas flow in the corners|
    PCT/FR2015/050380| WO2015132498A1|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner|
    EP15709264.4A| EP3114387B1|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner|
    AU2015226021A| AU2015226021B2|2014-03-04|2015-02-17|Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner|
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